Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of immune checkpoint inhibitors functioning

What are immune checkpoint inhibitors? Immune checkpoint inhibitors are drugs that can inhibit the co-inhibitory immune checkpoint pathways , so that enhancing cancer immunity. Most of the immune checkpoint inhibitors are blocking antibodies. Sometimes fusion proteins can also act as immune checkpoint inhibitors. The immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a mainstay in melanoma therapy, with potential roles in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial cancer, head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer, and various lymphomas et al. With many immune checkpoint molecules becoming targets of cancer therapy, numerous immune checkpoint inhibitors is underway.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors under Research

PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitors	Nivolumab, PembrolizumabIn, Pidilizumab, AMP-224
PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors	BMS-936559, MEDI4736, MPDL3280A, Avelumab
CTLA-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors	Tremelimumab, Tremelimumab
B7-H3 immune checkpoint inhibitors	MGA271
IDO immune checkpoint inhibitors	Indoximod, INCB024360
KIR immune checkpoint inhibitors	Lirilumab
LAG3 immune checkpoint inhibitors	BMS-986016

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Related Articles

Howard (Jack) West, MD et al. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(1):115.
Julie R. Brahmer et al. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Making Immunotherapy a Reality for the Treatment of Lung Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res August 2013 1; 85.